Waxyaabaha maqalka ah ee maqalka ah waxaa loo kala qaybin karaa ilo maqal ah (ilo dil ah) qayb, qayb ka mid ah awoodda weyn ee awoodda sare iyo qaybta afayeenka ee ka soo baxa qalabka.

Isha maqalka: Isha maqalka waa qaybta isha ee nidaamka maqalka, halkaas oo dhawaqa ugu dambeeya ee gudoomiyaha uu ka yimaado. Ilo maqal ah oo caan ah ayaa ah: Ciyaartoyda CD-ga, LP Vinyl ciyaartoy, ciyaartoy dijital ah, tukeyaal raadiye iyo aaladaha kale ee codka maqalka ah. Aaladahaani waxay u diraan ama u kala soocaan calaamadaha maqalka ee warbaahinta kaydinta ama idaacadaha galay calaamadaha analogga analogga ee analog-analogga ee dijital-to-analog ama wax soo saarka goynta.

Awoodda Power Amplifier Dib-u-dhigga hore ee muuqaalka ka soo baxa ilaha maqalka, oo ay ku jiraan laakiin aan ku xaddidnayn in la beddelo, cod-bixinta cod-bixinta, hagaajinta codka iyo howlaha kale. Ujeeddadeeda ugu weyni waa in la soo saaro soosaarka ilaha maqalka iyo fikradda carqaladeysa marxaladda dambe ayaa u dhigma si loo yareeyo dhalanrog, laakiin marxaladda hore ma aha xiriir gabi ahaanba lama huraan ah. Marxaladda dambe ayaa ah in kor loo qaado awoodda wax soo saarka calaamadda ee marxaladda hore ama isha codku inuu kaxeeyo nidaamka cod-bixiyaha si loo soo qaado dhawaaqa.

Codadka cod-bixiyeyaasha (Afayeenka): Cutubyada darawalka ee cod-guurka ah waa transdducer korantada elektro-acouspe-ka, dhammaan qaybaha qaybahana si loogu habeeyo ugu dambeyntii loo diyaariyay kor u qaadista cod-bixinta cod-bixinta. Sifooyinka maqalka ee korantada ayaa dhaqaajiya xaashida warqadda ama diaphragm iyada oo loo marayo electromagnetic, piezoelectricnetic, piezoelectric ama saamaynta korantada si loo wado hawada ku xeeran si loo sameeyo cod. Hadalka ayaa ah terminalka nidaamka dhawaqa oo dhan.